Machine for drilling and splitting stone



UNITED aSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. LYON, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

MACHINE FOR DRILLING AND SPLITTING STONE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 20,885, dated J uly 13, 1858.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. LYON, of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented an Improved Machine for Drilling and Splitting Stone; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l, is a. perspective view of the machine complete; Fig. 2, is a side elevation showing the hammers down upon the heads of the drills; Fig. 3, is a detached view showing the position of the hammers when raised; Fig. 4, is av perspective view of the splitting slug attached to the drill; Fig. 5, is a side view of the slug; Fig. 6 is a plan of the lines of holes for drilling' out the paving blocks hereinafter described.

The same part is indicated by the same letter of reference in all the figures.

The nature of my invention consists in the method hereinafter more particularly described of drilling a slab of stone and afterward splitting it into blocks for paving and other purposes.

In the drawings A, represents the frame of the machine; B, the space in which the slab is placed; C, the drill stock or frame; D, the drills; E, the slugs attached to the drills; F, the ropes or chains for raising and lowering the drill stock; G, the pulleys over which the ropes F pass; H, the windlass around which the ropes F are wound; I, the worm shaft driving spur wheels a, a, a; J, spring pawl working ratchet wheel K; K, ratchet wheel attached to end of shaft I; L, ratchet atI end of windlass H; M, double stock or frame carrying the hammers; N, the hammers which impel the drills; O, braces connecting hammer stock M with the rod P; P, rod by which the hammer stock is raised or lowered; Q, fast cam immovably attached to rod P; R, loose cam revolving on rod P and having' cogs on its periphery; S, cog wheel gearing' into cogs on cam R; T, shaft of wheel S, to which the driving power is to be applied; a., a, a, upper spur wheels on drills, gearing into worms on shaft I; a', cz, a', lower spur wheels on drills, gearing into each other; Z), b, I), springs to raise drills after each blow; c, c, c, journals in which the hollow arbors of spur wheels a, a', revolve to turn the drills after each blow.

The object of my invention is to split out by machinery, from slabs of stone, blocks of the shape required to form an improved street pavement for which I am about to make application for Letters Patent. Supposing the blocks to be cut from a slab whose opposite sides are parallel planes, their shape will be readily understood from an inspection of Fig. 6, in which the lines in which the slab is to be split are marked by dots, and the points at which the drills are driven are indicated by the small circles e, e, e, &c.

To enable others to make and use my machine I will proceed more particularly to describe the relations of its several parts and the mode of operation.

A strong framing A, A, is constructed, in the space, B, at the bottom of which the slab to be operated upon is placed. The frame or stock C, which carries the drills D, is suspended at the proper height above the slab by means of the ropes or chains F, passing over pulleys G, and wound upon a common windlass I-I, worked by a winch and controlled by a ratchet wheel and pawl L.

The drills D, which are square in section,

work vertically and loosely through the hollow arbors of spur wheels a, a', but can not turn in said arbors. A spiral spring working between the head of the drill and the top surface of the spur wheel, brings the drill up when the hammer is withdrawn. The arbors of the spur wheels a, a', turn in journals c attached to the drill stock or frame C, and, as they turn, they carry the drills around with them. The upper spur wheels a, gear into worms on the worm shaft I, and are driven by these worms.

The worm shaft I is driven by a ratchet` wheel K at its end, revolved by a spring pawl J, which receives motion from the hammer frame or stock M as hereinafter described. The hammers N which drive the drills, are suspended by their heads in the double stock or frame M which guides their movements. They may be of any shape, size or weight that may be found desirable, and may drive one or more drills each, according to the nature of the work to be done. The hammer stock M is capable of vertical movement and is guided by the corner posts of the frame. It is connected by braces O, to a central rod P by which it is lifted. At the upper end of rod P is a cam Q firmly attached to the rod. This cam, as seen in the drawings, has four inclined faces terminating in a Vertical face. In other words,

it has four projections or teeth each having one vertical and one inclined side. A cam R, of corresponding shape is placed below the cam Q and is free to revolve around the rod P, which serves as its aXle. On the outer periphery of this cani, are cogs which gear into `the teeth of the driving wheel S, which may itself be driven by any suitable prime mover. The point of application of the power is represented in the drawing by a winch on the end T of the shaft of wheel S. Vhen wheel S is revolved, it revolves cam R, which causes the projections of cam Q to rise on the inclined faces of R until the two cams attain the relative position shown in Fig. 3. The hammer stock M is then at its greatest elevation, and .a further inovement of cam R brings the vertical faces of both cams together, when the upper cam Q falls and with it the hammer stock M. All the drills are thus struck simultaneously, and with equal force. A further revolution of R raises the stock M for a second blow. As the stock M rises, spring pawl J engages a tooth of ratchet wheel K, and gives motion to worm shaft I, which revolves the drills, a part of a revolution, by means of the spur wheels a, a. As the hammers rise the springs b, force up the drills in readiness for another blow. In the machine represented, one revolution of cam R produces four blows of the hammers, but it is obvious that this may be varied at pleasure by altering the cams. The blow may be cushioned in any well known mode by using the elasticity of air, or of india rubber or steel springs. lVhen the drilling is completed, the slab is split by insert-ing in the holes drilled the slugs E, (Figs. 4 and 5), and attaching them to the drills in the manner shown. The worm shaft is thrown out of gear during the splitting operation by retracting the pawl. When the slugs are all in place, the drills are struck as before, until the splitting is eected.

Having thus fully described my invention what l claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as follows:

The hammer stock M, and hammers N arranged and operated as described, in coinbination with the drills D and removable slugs E, for drilling and splitting blocks of stone the whole being constructed and arranged for joint operation in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

The above specification signed and witnessed this twenty first day of October 1857.

JOHN H. LYON.

l/Vitnesses:

HENRY D. MEARs, OHAs. F. STANSBURY. 

